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Mokhalef

Hoseyn Qavami and Ali Tajvidi
Audio
Mokhalef
Hoseyn Qavami sings lyrical verse from the 19th-century poet Neshat Esfahani. Ali Tajvidi provides violin accompaniment. Between the 1940s and 1970s, the violin was popular in Iranian classical music, but during the last two decades of the 20th century it almost totally disappeared in favor of the kamanche.

This piece is played in the scale of mokhalef, a melodic mode subsidiary to segah, and one of the twelve large collections of traditional Persian classical-music modes (dastgah). It contains several three-quarter-tone intervals. Scales with three-quarter-tone intervals create a clear musical boundary between the Middle East, where they dominate, and Central Asia, where they are rare. (During, Levin 2001)