Mandarin Primer

Moses Asch produced these recordings with Chao Yuan Ren to accompany his book, The Mandarin Primer, written in 1948. Chao Yuan Ren was an influential linguist in the United States. He conceived and developed Gwoyeu Romatzyh (abbreviated GR), which became the standard system for Romanizing Mandarin text in 1928 until it was replaced by Hanyu Pinyin in 1958. The notes that accompany this album utilize GR, demonstrating the use of “tone spelling” for Romanization. This album represents an important landmark in the development of the Romanization of the Chinese language.

摩西•艾什先生和赵元任先生一起制作的这套专辑是赵于1948年编写的《国语入门》教科书的配套教学用具。赵元任先生是一位在美国影响深远的语言学家。他所构思设计的国语罗马字系统（缩写为GR）于1928年成为国语罗马字化的标准体系，直到1958年才被汉语拼音所取代。专辑内页使用国语罗马字体系以展现罗马字化体系对音调拼写的运用。这张专辑是中文罗马字化发展史的重要里程碑。

Track Listing

101	Lesson A1, Single Tones	Yuen Ren Chao	04:17
102	Lesson A2, Tones in Combinations	Yuen Ren Chao	02:08
103	Lesson A3, The Neutral Tone	Yuen Ren Chao	02:00
104	Lesson B1, Difficult Consonants	Yuen Ren Chao	02:55
105	Lesson B2, Difficult Vowels	Yuen Ren Chao	02:00
106	Lesson B3, Easy Sounds, Hard to Remember	Yuen Ren Chao	05:00
107	Lesson C1, Initials / Lesson C2, Finals	Yuen Ren Chao	01:56
108	Lesson C2, Exercise / Lesson C3, 2nd Tone Finals	Yuen Ren Chao	01:52
109	Lesson C3, Exercise / Lesson C4, 3rd Tone Finals	Yuen Ren Chao	01:31
110	Lesson C4, Exercise / Lesson C5, 4th Tone Finals	Yuen Ren Chao	02:17
111	Lesson C5, Exercises	Yuen Ren Chao	02:15
112	Lesson C8, Exercise (g), General Dictation	Yuen Ren Chao	03:40
113	Lesson D1, Tone Sandhi for I and BU / Lesson D2, Two-Syllable Groups / Lesson D3, Three-Syllable Groups	Yuen Ren Chao	06:20
114	Lesson 1, You, I, and He "Four Men"	Yuen Ren Chao	03:30
115	Ex. 3, Comments (1)	Yuen Ren Chao	01:45
116	Ex. 4, Questions to Answer (1)	Yuen Ren Chao	01:53
117	Lesson 2, Things	Yuen Ren Chao	04:20
118	Ex. 3, Comments (2)	Yuen Ren Chao	01:42
119	Ex. 4, Questions to Answer (2)	Yuen Ren Chao	01:23
120	Ex. 5, Contrasting Questions	Yuen Ren Chao	01:41
121	Ex. 6, Close and Open Forms of Questions	Yuen Ren Chao	01:30
122	Lesson 3, Speaking Chinese	Yuen Ren Chao	03:05
123	Ex. 1, Questions to Answer (1)	Yuen Ren Chao	01:26
124	Ex. 2, On the Form SH....DE	Yuen Ren Chao	01:10
125	Ex. 3, Interjections of Assent and Dissent	Yuen Ren Chao	01:36
126	Lesson 4, Telephoning	Yuen Ren Chao	04:15
127	Ex. 1, Questions to Answer (2)	Yuen Ren Chao	01:33
128	Ex. 4, Filling out Blanks	Yuen Ren Chao	02:16
129	Ex. 5, Forms of Definition	Yuen Ren Chao	01:31
130	Lesson 5, Up, Down, Left, Right, Front, Back, and Middle	Yuen Ren Chao	05:25
131	Ex. 1, Comments and Ex. 2, Questions to Answer	Yuen Ren Chao	01:33
132	Ex. 3, Why and Because	Yuen Ren Chao	01:30
133	Ex. 4, Cannot and Does Not	Yuen Ren Chao	02:22
134	Lesson 6, A Smoke Ring	Yuen Ren Chao	01:07
135	Ex. 1, Questions to Answer (3)	Yuen Ren Chao	04:12
136	Ex. 2, Previously, Later, and Now	Yuen Ren Chao	01:43
137	Ex. 3, The Pretransitive BAA	Yuen Ren Chao	01:02
138	Lesson 7, Mr. Can't Stop Talking	Yuen Ren Chao	04:29
139	Ex. 1, Questions to Answer / Ex. 2, Bigger and Not So Big / Ex. 3, Not Until and As Soon As / Ex. 4, Not Until / Ex 5, LAI	Yuen Ren Chao	02:37
140	Lesson 8, Antonyms	Yuen Ren Chao	05:20
141	Ex. 2, Comments and Paraphrasing	Yuen Ren Chao	01:44
142	Lesson 9, A Good Man	Yuen Ren Chao	04:12
143	Lesson 10, The Tailless Ray	Yuen Ren Chao	04:58
144	Ex., Dictation of Paraphrased Story	Yuen Ren Chao	08:20
145	Lesson 11, Watching the Year Out	Yuen Ren Chao	05:35
146	Lesson 12, A Rescue at Sea	Yuen Ren Chao	05:32
147	Lesson 13, Inquiring After a Sick Man	Yuen Ren Chao	04:33
148	Lesson 14, Conversation with the Doctor	Yuen Ren Chao	04:30
149	Lesson 15, World Geography	Yuen Ren Chao	05:10
150	Lesson 16, Chinese Geography	Yuen Ren Chao	05:24
151	Lesson 17, Talking about the Industrial Co-ops	Yuen Ren Chao	05:12
152	Ex. 1, Questions to Answer (4)	Yuen Ren Chao	01:50
153	Lesson 18, To the Minsheng Works	Yuen Ren Chao	04:33
154	Lesson 19, Renting a House	Yuen Ren Chao	05:43
155	Ex. 3, Story from the Keeper's Point of View	Yuen Ren Chao	02:10
156	Lesson 20, "The Walrus and the Carpenter"	Yuen Ren Chao	05:52
157	Lesson 21, Listening and Listening In	Yuen Ren Chao	06:20
158	Ex. 2, Dictation of Paraphrased Story	Yuen Ren Chao	05:26
159	Lesson 22, Studying the Chinese Classics	Yuen Ren Chao	05:42
160	Lesson 23, The Vernacular Literature Movement	Yuen Ren Chao	06:09
161	Lesson 24, An American Makes a Speech	Yuen Ren Chao	04:42
162	Ex. 1, Conversation Between Boy and Girl Students	Yuen Ren Chao	04:23